Wednesday, 2 December 2015

Representation And Stereotypes

Gender
This particular cover proves Laura Mulvey's theory of women functioning in two ways only: As erotic objects of desire for people within a story, or as erotic objects of desire for the spectator. This female has been sexualised, she is pictured topless, this is appealing to a male target audience. Although she is covering herself she is still showing off a lot of her body. Using sex to sell is one of the most common tactics used by any media product. If you are appealing to a male target audience, putting a female on the cover half naked will more than likely increase your magazine sales. My magazine is going to be aimed at a mixture of audiences. Therefore a sexualised image of a female may not appeal to a female audience. Because of this I will not use gender stereotypes in my magazine.


Youth
Here we can see Lorde, a young artist, featured on the front cover. Bill Osgerby said that the representation of youth has not changed much over the past 100 years. He also said that you don't have to go far to find a bad representation of youth. This image however, portrays youth as successful. Although her clothing is not smart, it is stereotypically the sort of clothing a teenager would wear. This may be seen as a bad representation. However, she is on the front cover of a magazine, earning huge amounts of money for putting her talent out there. This shows that teenagers can be successful. My magazine is aimed at an older audience, so teenagers will not be featured. However young adults aged 20-30 will be featured. The images of youths I use, will show positive representations and connotations of youth.
Race
Malik says that the word 'race' only applies to black and asian people. This is because they are the only racial groups that 'own' an ethnicity.Whiteness  has been neutralised as though it is the 'norm' when it is quite clearly another ethnic group like the others. This particular magazine cover shows your stereotypically hooded black male. This is seen as threatening, although the crown and the title 'Usher in a new era' shows that this is a simple cover with no racial tags. Black artists usually feature in hip hop magazines however this artist features in a pop magazine, breaking the stereotype. Pop magazines are typically filled with white artists therefore my magazine will feature mostly white artists to in keep  with the stereotype.
Sexuality
Lady Gaga is a female, bisexual artist. This can not be seen on the magazine cover. This breaks the trend, usually if somebody is gay or lesbian or bisexual, it is talked about and pointed out. However the media has changed over the past few years and it is becoming less of a big deal as to what somebodies sexuality is. Andy Medhurst says that sexuality disrupts representation, in the real world you cannot 'see' somebodies sexuality. Therefore you would not know their sexuality unless they told you. Media shows gay men as 'screaming queens' and lesbians as 'dykes'. Gaga breaks these stereotypes in her feminine pose, showing no signs at all as to what her sexuality is. My magazine will feature artists of all sexuality and gender. This will not break any stereotypes because most magazines feature all sexuality types anyway.
National/Regional identity
This magazine shows clear national identity. This magazine connotes that it is aimed at American readers as it features an American flag in the background. Andrew Higson says that "Identity is generally understood to be the shared identity of naturalised inhabitants of a particular political-geographical space- this can be a particular nation or region" My magazine will feature national/regional identity but not in any particular detail.





Class
Richard Butsch said that working class men in the media are seen as "incompetent and ineffectual, often a buffoon, well-intentioned, but dumb. This magazine shows Eminem as a rough, uneducated male. This makes him seem a lower class than somebody like Adele for example. The way people dress can give off a stereotype of what they are like and how they may act towards people. My magazine will feature people of all classes as I feel that class should not affect how successful you are in an industry. Different styles of music create different representations. For example, the music genre HipHop, has embraced negative representations of their music genre. I feel that this is because the negative representations make the music artists feel like they have more of a status and power over people. Negativity towards their style of clothing, or choice of tattoos for example, may make them recognised more in the music industry.

Tuesday, 24 November 2015

What I Have Learnt And My Own target Audience Profile For My Magazine

Demographics and Psychographics will feature heavily in my own music magazine now that I have discovered more about it. I haves learnt that my target audience can be  and will be very specific if I use demographics and psychographics in my magazine. I will use this new information to help me create my own magazine audience profile.

My target audience profile:

My target audience will be a mass audience of aspirers who are serious and seek status, explorers who are full of energy and seek discovery and also reformers who are socially aware and seek enlightenment. The age range for my target audience will be mostly female, between the ages of 14- 26 years old. My magazine will include the uses and gratification theory, which is split into four different sections, these include: Identity, education, entertainment and social. The two main uses of my pop magazine are to entertain my audience and help them find their identity. Your typical pop audience will have all four uses, which mine will, but not in such close detail as my chosen two uses. My audience, as it is slightly older than your usual pop magazine, will be more adult than your normal pop based magazine. This means that the articles and topics discussed inside will be of a more mature tone and style. Rather than being aimed towards 10-15 year olds, my magazine is aimed at the slightly older age range so that pop can maybe not always be seen as a 'young magazine' as it stereotypically is. Identity applies to my magazine because because people aspire to be their idols, also it is very easy to tell the difference between a pop magazine and any other music genre or magazine. My audience will want to read about artists, how they became famous and their backgrounds. People who read pop magazines are interested in peoples lives as well as their music. This gives the magazine more of an identity as other magazines do not do this sort of thing. People will aspire to be artists and realise that they don't have to be well off to be famous. Entertain is one of my main two also because the whole reason people buy magazines is because they enjoy reading about their favourite bands and artists as they find this enjoyable and entertaining. My audience will be typically white british females, with a social grade C1-E. They will be young bubbly people, who are very interested in pop music, own an iPod or some form of music playing device and listen to music frequently.

My Psychographic Target Audience Profile


Pop magazines appeal to a few psychographic groups these include; Reformers, aspirers and explorers. Reformers are socially aware and usually very free minded people who aren't restricted, like this genre of music isn't restricted in any way. Aspirers because they are young and look up to the artists and are interested in the look of the band. Explorers fit well because they are normally quite young and energetic and loud like the pop genre itself. 

Pop Magazine Audience Research



Billboard:
Billboard has a reader total of 48,000 people. However, it's gender statistics state, that it's readers are gender neutral. With 71% of it's readers at and age range between 25-54, this puts it's median aged reader at 47 years old. This particular magazine has a social grade A-B. Billboard is published by Prometheus Global Media and has a circulation figure of 16,327 people a week.

We <3 Pop:
We <3 pop has an audience us mostly girls, with it's reader total at 135,000 , that's a lot of girls. It's readers are aged 13-15 year olds, this happens to be their primary target audience also. We <3 pop has a social grade C1-E class. It had circulation figures of 42,864 a month and is published by Egmont UK.

Top of the Pops:
82% of Top of the Pops readers are female. Top of there Pops has a reader total of 357,000 people who's average age is 12 years old. It sits with a social grade of 64% at ABC1's and 36% AB's. It is produced by Immediate media company LTD and has a circulation figure of 78,352 people every 6 months.




My Demographic Target Audience Profile


Genre: Pop music

Class/earnings: My primary target audience, will be between social grades C1 to E.

Gender: male & female pop music fans.

Age: 14-30 years old.

Nationality: British 

Ethnicity: White British
Sexuality: Straight/Bisexual/Gay/Transgender 

Audience Appeal: My target audience will want the magazine to use it for Personal relationships (using the media for emotional and other interactions e.g. substitution celebrities (pop stars etc) for family life OR using the magazines as a social event).


Friday, 20 November 2015

Analysis Of The Background Of A Magazine From My Sub-Genre, Pop

Billboard:


BillboardLogo2013.svg
BillboardMagazineJanuary2013.png
Cover of Billboard (January 26, 2013).
CategoriesMusic magazine
FrequencyWeekly
Circulation16,327
Founder
  • William H. Donaldson
  • James Hennegan
First issueNovember 1, 1894; 121 years ago
CompanyPrometheus Global Media
CountryUnited States
Based inNew York CityNew York, U.S.
Websitebillboard.com

 Here we can see some information about Billboard. The group behind billboard has an imprint of the Crown publishing group (itself a part of Random House) which bought the imprint from Nielsen in 2008. The publishing agency describes itself as "a leading publisher of music and entertainment titles". Billboard is published by 

Prometheus Global Media.Prometheus Global Media was funded by Guggenheim Partners and Pluribus Capital Management in excess of US $70 million.

Other publishers of pop magazines include: 
  • Egmont
  • Prometheus
  • BBC

Online And print Magazine Differences


  •  Online editions include not only the print edition articles, but also all the blog posts and video/audio pieces.
  •  The online-only content, the blogs etc,  are free to everyone. Also if you have a subscription, you can get full access to the print articles online.
  • Online media is cheaper than print magazines in the long run.
  • Online magazines are better for the environment.
  • Magazines can publicise the internet and vice versa. There is also opportunity for an exchange of content between magazines and their online versions.
  • Magazines encourage people to go online and see extra features not in the magazines.
  • If people buy the magazine, then go to the online version through magazine advertisement, then the company is gaining money in two ways. Rather than just through the magazine.
  • Magazines can come with free products inside, this will convince people to buy them as they feel they are getting extra for the price they are paying.